Scaling PostgreSQL beyond a single node. This chapter covers native declarative partitioning, Foreign Data Wrappers (FDW), and parallel query execution. We will also examine architectures like Citus that transform PostgreSQL into a distributed database, discussing distributed query planning and two-phase commit protocols.

Outside Reading

• Official Docs: Chapter 5.11: Table Partitioning.
• Official Docs: Chapter 59: Writing A Foreign Data Wrapper.
• GitHub Source: src/backend/partitioning/partbounds.c. Trace how the planner prunes partitions.
• GitHub Source: src/backend/executor/nodeGather.c. Read the logic for parallel query execution and gathering results from background workers.